Vamana : This can be termed as medically induce emesis. After proper external and internal oleation of the body and fomentation specially prepared decoction are given to the patient to drink and emesis is induced.
Virechana : This involves the purgation by Ayurvedic method. The preparatory procedures are same as Vamana, in healthy individuals the procedure is done in Sharth ritu (Autumn season) to prevent the diseases, arising due to pitha dosha. Virechana is indicated in various diseases of the abdomen and a number of skin diseases.
Basti : Here the medicines are in form of decoction (Niruha Basti) or oil/ghee (Anuvasana) are administered through the anal route. These are called the medicated enemas. These enemas have high medical value and are used primarily in treating diseases like arthritis, backache, sciatica, osteoporosis and diseases of bowel like irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis and a number of other diseases. Basti has got a prime importance in the Ayurvedic method of treatment and referred as the half medicine in Ayurveda.
Nasya : The Nasya therapy is primarily used in treating disease like sinusitis, rhinitis, hair fall, epilepsy, facial paralysis, and paralysis and various other psychological and neurological disorders. Nasya is also known for improving the intellect of the individual.
Rakthamoksha : The use of leech in the treatment of many skin diseases is now well known and accepted all over the world. Leech therapy is used in treating disease like eczema vitiligo, non-healing ulcers varicose veins, pigment disorders, haematomas etc. This is mainly carried out through two commonly adopted methods Jalaukavacharana (Leech application) Siravyadha (Vein puncture).