Ayurveda : Ayurveda is not only a science, it is a philosophy as well. All Indian sciences have a basis in philosophy. Such philosophies are not merely logical systems but reflect a profound meditative experience. Ayurveda, which deals with the maintenance, improvement and prolongation of life in general, and human life in particular, observes nature and the universe for its attributes and actions. Ayurveda accepts the Vedic view that the individual and the universe are identical and that man is a miniature of Nature. Hence, Ayurveda is concerned with theories of evolution and the creation of the universe.
Nyaya Vaisheshika : The Nyaya system deals with the means of knowledge or proofs (Pramanas). It accepts four such means of right knowledge: Pratyaksha or direct perception via the senses and mind, Anumana or inference, Upamana or analogy and Shabda or the word spoken by an authority. Ayurveda in principle accepts these four means for arriving at the truth of things.
Sankhya and Yoga : Though Ayurveda utilizes certain important principles of Vaisheshika, the Sankhya and Yoga system provides the basic philosophy for Ayurveda. The Sankhaya theory of creation does not stop at the level of five elements like that of Vaisheshika, but stresses the ultimate cause at the subtlest level. Though there are five categories of knowledge at the level of the sense organs, there are three at the level of mind and only one at the level of the intellect.
The Three Gunas : Consciousness or intelligence (Sattva) motion or action (Rajas) and the inter which resists them (Tamas) are called the "three gunas" (Trigunas). They are the three primary and omnipresent qualities at work behind all material forms in nature. For the creation of any substance in the universe, the contribution of these three non-material constituents is essential. These three gunas are also manifest in human beings in the qualities of their temperament, constitution and behavior.
Tridosha Theory : There are three main causative factors in the external universe; the sun, moon and wind. The sun is the energy of conversion represented as fire. The moon is the agency of cooling represented by the combination of earth and water. The wind is the principle of movement or propulsion represented by the combination of air and either. All activities in the universe or in the human being are grouped into the three basic functions of creation, preservation and destruction of cell that's Anabolism, Metabolism and Catabolism.